EUR103: Europe after 1945: Resources, Demography, Economy

Temaomtale

The general idea of this course is to ask about the relation of sources and actors of European integration - and separation.

Resources: In the lectures on geography we ask whether the nature-given structures in Europe act more separating or more integrating. No continent has such an amount of natural variety as Europe: the sea-shore per square-kilometre is the longest; mountains are manifold and placed in various directions, navigable rivers lead deep into the hinterland, and so on. What does this entail? Represent mountains and seas natural borders, while rivers acted as natural ways of communication? What role did borders play in Europe over time? What sort of resources existed and how were they exploited? Is there a tendency to overcome traditional patterns of using and directing resources on a national basis towards super-national ones? The same question applies to the process of urbanization: is it still to be understood as a national pattern? What roles play cross-border urbanizations, such as the regions around København/Malmø, Aachen/Mastricht/Liège or around Basel?

People: The aging population in Europe has re-established the forces of demography as really determining ones, an understanding which was too long forgotten. What are the basic rules of demographic development? Can societies react to un-wanted developments? To what extent did Europe use migration as a remedy in this respect – or was migration never perceived to be a remedy? What is the practical experience of Europe with migration?

The economy: During decades the economy used to be called the prime-driver of European integration. But during the early 1950s it surely were political considerations which carried greater weight. During that decade existed a widespread political will of close co-operation across borders. Again, the recent plebiscites in France and the Netherlands against the EU-constitution revealed a strong political will of the electorate to stop additional integration. Is there a fundamental contradiction between political and economic actors? Finally, in what sense is Europe economically and socially different from the rest of the World? If the ship of Europe sails the seas of globalization – in what direction are we heading? Or does Europe co-create and govern the special sort of “sea”?

All these issues will be taken up, but none of them will be answered as valid once and for all during your life-time! History is not a multiplication table to be learned by heart, but a process of understanding past, present and also future. Our aim in this seminar is to establish a solid foundation of historical knowledge which may be used as a basis for own considerations. While the former will be taught and tested, the latter is in the free will of the individual.

EUR 103: Europe after 1945: Resources, Demography, Economy

Required readings

A) basic books:

Berent, Ivan T., An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 133- 326, ISBN 139780521672689.

Eichengreen, Barry, The European economy since 1945: coordinated capitalism and beyond, Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 2007, pp. 495, ISBN 978-0-691-12710-1, 0-691-12710-7

Livi-Bacci, Massimo, The population of Europe. A history, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000, (to be read: pp. 126-189), ISBN: 0-631-20078-9

B) Reader (compendium of articles)

Bade, Klaus J., Migration in European history. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 217-275, ISBN: 0-631-18939-4

Brülhart, Marius & Matthews, Alan, External trade policy, in: El-Agraa, Ali M. (ed.), The European Union. Economics and politics, Pearson Education: Harlow, 2004, pp. 450-470

Brunt, Barry, Western Europe. A social and economic geography. Dublin: Gills & Macmillan Ltd, 1997, pp. 345-391

Chandler, Alfred D. and Takashi Hikino, The large industrial enterprise and the dynamics of modern economic growth, in: Chandler, Alfred D., Franco Amatori, Takashi Hikino (eds.), Big business and the wealth of nations, , pp. 24-57, ISBN 0-521-48123-6 (ib.), 0-521-66347-4 (h.)

Held, David [et al.], Global transformations: politics, economics and culture, Oxford: Polity, 1999, pp. 1-21, ISBN: 0-7456-1498-1 (ib.), 0-7456-1499-x (h.)

Ilberry, Brian: Agricultural production, in: Unwin, Tim (ed.): A European Geography. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 1998. (kap. 10) pp. 151-168

Jones, Geoffrey, Harm G. Schröter, Continental European multinationals, 1850-1992, in: Jones, Geoffrey, Harm G. Schröter (eds.), The Rise of multinationals in continental Europe Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1993, pp. 3-27, ISBN: 1-85278-544-6

Jordan, Terry G., The European culture area, New York: Harper & Row 1973, pp. 208-237

Kuhnle, Stein, The survival of the European welfare state, Working paper / ARENA; no. 19, June 1999, (17 s.)

Lahav, Gallya, “Towards a people’s Europe: an institutional analysis of immigration policy in the European Union”, in: Lahav, Gallya (ed.) Immigration and Politics in the New Europe: Reinventing Borders. Cambridge University Press 2004, s. 26-68

Mamadouh, Virginie: The Territoriality of European Integration and the Territorial Features of the European Union: The First 50 years, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 2001, Vol. 92, No.4, pp. 420-436

Pinder, David, The new Europe. Economy, society, environment, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1998 (reprint 2001), pp. 67-88

Poulsen, Thomas M., Physical environment, in: George W. Hoffman (ed.), A Geography of Europe: problems and prospects, pp. 49-83, New York: The Ronald Press Company, 4th ed. 1977, ISBN: 0-471-06741-5

Schröter, Harm G., Americanisation of European Economic Culture during the 20^th Century, Springer, Doordrecht, 2005, pp. 45-60

Smith, Alasdair, The European Union and the challenge of enlargement: integration onto the Single Market, in: Dyker, David A. (ed.), The European economy, Longman: Harlow, 1999, pp. 96-113

Wagener, Hans Jürgen, The welfare state in transition economies and accession to the EU, in: Mair, Peter and Jan Zielonka editors, The Enlarged European Union: diversity and adaptation, London: Frank Cass, 2002, pp. 152-172 8kap. 8), ISBN: 0-7146-5287-3 (ib.), 0-7146-8255-1 (h.)